Pelat Hamparan
In an pelat pelapis, itu lapisan overlay las is the engineered hardfacing surface that provides wear resistance far beyond standard steel. By metallurgically bonding a hard alloy layer to a ductile steel base, the plate achieves both durability and structural strength. The result is a long-lasting material solution that significantly reduces downtime and maintenance costs in abrasive environments.
- Keterangan
An pelat pelapis, juga dikenal sebagai a pelat keausan lapisan las, is a composite material made by welding a layer of wear-resistant alloy onto a steel base plate. Itu lapisan hamparan (or weld layer) is the most critical part of the plate, as it determines the hardness, ketahanan aus, and overall service performance of the product.
What Is the Weld Overlay Layer?
Itu lapisan overlay las is a surface coating formed by ikatan metalurgi between a base plate (usually mild steel) and a deposited hardfacing alloy. It is created through automatic welding processes such as open-arc welding, submerged-arc welding, or plasma arc welding. During the welding process, high heat melts both the base metal surface and the added alloy material, allowing them to fuse together and form a strong, permanent bond.
Inside the overlay, the alloy elements—primarily kromium (Kr) Dan karbon (C)—combine to produce karbida keras seperti Cr₇C₃. These carbides are extremely hard and evenly distributed within the iron matrix, giving the overlay its exceptional resistance to abrasion, erosi, dan dampak.
Typical Properties of the Overlay Layer
| Parameter / Milik | Kisaran Khas / Keterangan | Function and Significance |
|---|---|---|
| Komposisi Kimia | 25–35% Cr, 4–6% C (depending on alloy grade) | Forms hard chromium carbides for high wear resistance. |
| Kekerasan (HRC) | 58–65 HRC | Provides superior surface hardness against sliding and impact wear. |
| Jenis Ikatan | Metallurgical bond between overlay and base steel | Ensures no delamination during service. |
| Ketebalan overlay | 3–10mm | Adjustable based on wear severity and application. |
| Proses Pengelasan | Open-arc / Submerged arc / Plasma arc | Controls layer uniformity and minimizes dilution. |
| Struktur mikro | Carbide phase distributed in martensitic or austenitic matrix | Provides balanced hardness and toughness. |
| Dilution Ratio | <15% | Keeps overlay properties consistent and wear-resistant. |
Function of the Weld Overlay Layer
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Wear Protection: The overlay serves as a barrier against abrasive particles, bubur, or impact forces.
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Tahan Panas: Maintains hardness up to 600°C, suitable for high-temperature operations.
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Ketahanan Korosi: The high chromium content provides moderate corrosion resistance in acidic or oxidizing environments.
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Kemampuan untuk diperbaiki: Damaged surfaces can be re-welded with compatible hardfacing alloys, extending plate life.
Aplikasi Khas
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Peralatan pertambangan dan penggalian (air terjun, hopper, penghancur)
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Cement and power plant components (siklon, penggemar, liner)
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Steel industry machinery (sinter screens, saluran transfer)
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Agricultural and construction machinery (ember, pisau)
